Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unkown etiology that is characterized by the presence of non caseating granulomatous granulomas. Etiology: – common in northern parts of Europe; severe among west Indian and Asian backgrounds – common in spring and summer – Genetic susceptibility is supported by familial clustering; a…

Anxiety is a normal defensive mechanism of our body to cope with unwanted and threatening situations. Everyone experiences anxiety at some point in their lives in response to physical and psychological stress. According to DSM-5, the diagnosis of GAD is made when – Worry and anxiety present for almost six…

History – Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is named after popular Japanese physician Hakaru Hashimoto (1881−1934) studied at medical school of Kyushu University,he was first to describe the symptoms of persons with struma lymphomatosa. Despite Dr.Hashimoto’s discovery and publication, the disease was unfortunately not recognized as different from Reidel’s Thyroiditis which was a…

Congenital defects develop during the intrauterine life. Congenital heart defects are the most common type of defects present at the time of birth. Some congenital heart diseases cause no sign and symptom and may be diagnosed later in life when the child grows up. Congenital heart diseases may occur due…