What is hernia ?
• A hernia is a type of disease which happens when an internal organ pushes through a weak spot in muscle or tissue..
• It is very common in people.
• It is also seen after any type of surgical procedure.
There can be many types of hernia —-
There are several types of hernia that can experienced including inguinal hernias, femoral hernias, umbilical hernias and hiatal hernias etc .
It is very important to treat hernia as soon as possible.
Types of hernia in brief-
1). Inguinal hernia –
• Also known as Groin hernia.
• An inguinal hernia occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine, Or muscle protrudes through a weak point in the abdominal muscles or abdominal wall. The resulting bulge can be painful, especially when you cough, bend over or lift a heavy object. However, many hernias do not cause pain.
● A bulge in the area on either side of your pubic bone, which becomes more obvious when you’re upright, especially if you cough or strain
●A burning or aching sensation at the area or discomfort in your groin, especially when bending over, coughing or lifting ,
●A heavy or dragging sensation in your groin or pressure in your groin
Occasionally, pain and swelling around the testicles when the protruding intestine descends into the scrotum.
Treatment is surgery
2). Femoral hernia –
● It is the same definition as inguinal hernia that is A femoral hernia occurs when tissue pushes through a weak spot in the muscle wall of the groin or inner thigh. Common causes include obesity and overstraining while coughing, exercising, or passing stool.
● Femoral hernias are uncommon in male but very very common in females .
● A bulge in the area on either side of your pubic bone, which becomes more obvious when you’re upright, especially if you cough or strain
● A burning or aching sensation at the bulge
● Pain or discomfort in your groin, especially when bending over, coughing or lifting
● A heavy or dragging sensation in your groin
● Weakness or pressure in your groin
● Occasionally, pain and swelling around the testicles when the protruding intestine descends into the scrotum
Groin discomfort that may worsen when standing, lifting, or straining,
Abdominal pain,
Nausea and
Vomiting.
Permanent treatment is surgery.
3). Umbilical hernia –
● umbilical hernia occurs when part of your intestine bulges through the opening in your abdominal muscles near your bellybutton (navel). Umbilical hernias are common and typically harmless.
●Umbilical hernias are most common in infants, but they can affect adults too.
In an infant, an umbilical hernia may be especially evident when the infant cries, causing the bellybutton to protrude. This is a classic sign of an umbilical hernia.
Children’s umbilical hernias often close on their own in the first two years of life, though some remain open into the fifth year or longer. Umbilical hernias that appear during adulthood are more likely to need surgical repair.
● Groin discomfort that may worsen when standing, lifting, or straining
Abdominal pain
Nausea
Vomiting.
Permanent treatment is surgery .
4). Hiatal hernia –
● Also known as stomach hernia .
● A hiatal hernia is when your stomach bulges up into your chest through an opening in your diaphragm, the muscle that separates the two areas. The opening is called the hiatus, so this condition is also called a hiatus hernia.
There are two main types of hiatal hernias: sliding and paraesophageal.
Esophagus (food pipe) goes through the hiatus and attaches to your stomach. In a sliding hiatal hernia, your stomach and the lower part of your esophagus slide up into your chest through the diaphragm. Most people with hiatal hernias have this type.
Paraesophageal hernia is more dangerous. Your esophagus and stomach stay where they should be, but part of your stomach squeezes through the hiatus to sit next to your esophagus. Your stomach can become squeezed and lose its blood supply. Your doctor might call this a strangulated hernia.
Contributor- Medico Palak Pareek
