Modern Topics

Action- Bacteriostatic P/D- Sulfonamides stops PABA synthesis,which is required for the Folic acid synthesis of bacteria.Now as these drugs stops PABA synthesis which causes stoppage of folic acid synthesis so the bacteria fails to makes it’s DNA due to which bacteria can’t multiply.Hence they are Bacteriostatic drugs. Sulfonamides are synthetic drugs that…

A) Demulcents They are the type of drugs which acts on upper respiratory system.They have soothing action and decreases the irritation in the throat. •Lozenges- These are the Demlucents which are in the form of sweet tablets.example- Strepsils,vicks,etc. •Linctus- These Demluscents are sweet thick syrup available with different brand names. Sometime codeine,which is…

Action:- Bactericidal Trimethoprim when used alone then have bacteriostatic action but when it is used along with sulfa drugs then it show bactericidal action. P/ D:- The SULFAMETHOXAZOLE stops PABA and the TRIMETHOPRIM part blocks production of tetrahydrofolic acid from dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the dihydrofolate reductase enzyme.Thus Cotrimoxazole inhibits the FA…

Action- Bacteriostatic P/D– Stops protein synthesis of bacteria and hence stops bacterial multiplication.Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic that is effective against a variety of susceptible and serious bacterial infections. Route of administration- •Oral route •Intravenous route •Injection route Contraindications-  •Not used in neonates •Avoid during breast feeding  •Hypersensitivity Adverse effects-  •Bone…

Action:- Bacteriostatic P/D:- Tetracyclines moves inside bacteria via porin channels and stops the protein synthesis of bacteria which causes stoppage of bacterial multiplication Tetracycline are synthetic drugs.They are wide spectrum drugs. They are effective against- •Gram negative bacteria •Gram positive bacteria •Atypical bacteria •Spiral bacteria •They are also effective against protozoa like – …

•For Acute Bronchial Asthma- Salbutamol •For Acute Gout- NSAIDS •For Acute Hyperkalemia- Calcium gluconate[Calcium gluconate is a cardioprotective.] •For Acute Migraine- Sumatriptan •For Atropine Poisoning– Physostigmine •For Alcohol Poisoning- Fomepizole •For Anaphylactic Shock- Adrenaline •For Allergic Contact Dermatitis- Steroids •For Alcohol Withdrawal – Chlordiazepoxide, Diazepam •For Actinomycosis – Penicillin •For Breast Cancer – Tamoxifen[Tamoxifen is antiestrogen,it blocks the activity of estrogen mainly…

CNS depressant drugs are the group of drugs that slow down brain activity to normal by lowering the neurotransmitters levels and by doing so they treat may diseases or they manage the various brain conditions. Majorly CNS depressants includes- •Sedatives- These drugs are used in the treatment of anxiety. •Hypnotics- They are…

Bronchial asthma is a condition in which their is an inflammation in Bronchus which causes activation of mast cells.These mast cells secrete histamine and leukotrines which causes spasm in Bronchus and increase secretion in the Bronchus which leads to obstruction in the pathway of air passage in Bronchus. To treat…